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Amidst the burgeoning development of information technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, data volume and computing power have become the core competitive advantages of the digital economy. Concurrently, the rapid expansion of data centers has led to a sharp increase in their operational energy consumption and carbon emissions. Cooling systems, as high-energy-consumption facilities, constitute a key factor exacerbating carbon emissions. Consequently, advancing energy efficiency in cooling systems is of paramount significance for implementing the “carbon neutrality” strategy and achieving sustainable development in data centers. This paper proposes an iterative upgrade pathway for data center cooling technologies: “high-carbon→low-carbon→zero-carbon→negative-carbon”, which is elaborated sequentially to provide reference for the construc-tion and research of sustainable data centers. In the low-carbon phase, liquid cooling technology, leveraging its high-efficiency heat transfer, replaces traditional air cooling, reducing cooling energy consumption and improving Power Usage Effectiveness(PUE). Progressing toward zero-carbon necessitates integrating natural cooling sources and renewable energy to curb carbon emissions at the source. The breakthrough to negative-carbon relies on waste heat recovery, converting low-grade thermal energy into resources such as district heating. This approach not only avoids new carbon emissions but also generates carbon removal benefits, transforming data centers into computing power and thermal energy suppliers and carbon sink contributors.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.20245/j.issn.1009-8402.2026.03.001
China Classification Code:X322;TB657
Citation Information:
[1]Wei Zuyuan,Wang Ningbo,Tian Bo ,et al.Research progress on green and low-carbon technologies for cooling systems in intelligent data centers: from carbon source to carbon sink[J].REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING,2026,26(03):1-16.DOI:10.20245/j.issn.1009-8402.2026.03.001.
Fund Information:
国家自然科学基金(52076085); 中央高校基本科研业务费资助HUST(2024JYCXJJ046); 华中科技大学学术前沿青年团队资助(No.2019QYTD10)
2026-03-27
2026-03-27
2026-03-27